I. Most of פרק directed towards רב, דיין, ראש קהל. By studying the requirements of their leaders, all Jews will know what is ideally expected of them. II. read Mishna הוי זהירין ברשות וכו. III. ברשות, not מרשות. i.e. Jewish official showed not copy others. Others use the people in own job. example: Jacob saw סולם, is symbol of Jew, way used as means. Same is Jew. Einstein – scie___, Bapysm – France, etc. J. leads, not so. IV. days of "Thursday" thrown at religious Jews. False. " means no

יפה תורה עם דרך ארץ שיגיעת שניהם משכחת עון. דרך ארץ means worldly ways, mundane matters, prosaic aspects of everyday life. Certain of these acts are not covered by specific mitzvoth. Eating your breakfast cereal after the המוציא and before ברכת הזמון is a normal act undirected by specific halachoth. The tanna tells us that all these mundane matters too shall be impregnated with the meaningfulness of Torah. If you eat because you are hungry or because you want your daily fill of vitamins

אל תחזיק טוב וכו' כי לכך נוצרת 1. Necesary virtues – hands, mind 2. unnecessary virtues – music talent. 3. Torah – nec. virtue a)If have it – אל תחזיק etc. don't pin it on lapel. b) if not – terrible cripple כי לכך נוצרת – you were created for Torah as you were for walking, talking, etc. 4. End of האזינו read: כי לא דבר ריק הוא מכם: can empty of water or air, but not of lungs. 5. אונס רחמנא פטרו but still an עם הארץ 6. Letter to convert to help Jews

I. עין הרע, יצר הרע ושנאת הבריות מוציאו. 1. In end of פרק ד': ר' אלעזר הקפר אומר הקנאה, והתאבה, והכבוד מוציאין את האדם מן העולם. i.e. עין הרע = קנאה; תאוה = יצה"ר; שנאת הבריות = כבוד. 2. עין הרע = קנאה: envy – עינו בצרה של אחרים. a) envy unnecessary dissatisfaction → wars etc. b) involves projecting the ego into every situation, coloring every event w. selfishness.

I. עשרה דברים נבראו ע"ש ביה"ש וכו' וי"א אף וכו'. Total, with יש אומרים additions, is 14. actually 2 reasons for the ע"ש ביה"ש creation, 1st for 1st 1, 2nd for 2nd 1. A – 1t 1 are all miraculous. Maimonides that miracles not the compelling reason for our belief commentary, us being interruption of Natural Order, extraneous idea of belief based on Natural Order, such as cosmological or theological Belief. Here ___ = נסים actual disruptions of Natural Order, but included in it, created in ששת ימי בראשית – +addi_____ of answer to us being Time element – the unusual went at the unusually

Since last Independence Day, a major change has come over the situation for Israel: it has lost the goodwill of the great powers. Before only the Arabs damned her, now no one has any love for her. This ninth birthday finds the United States and Russia both appeasing the Arabs and opposing the Israelis. Israel’s very existence has been called into question, and she has been called upon to justify her very survival as well as her attack on Egypt.Israel has now been called every name under the diplomatic sun. Aggressor, war-maker, offensive. And an argument repeated often enough can affect even the strongest partisans and make them over into opponents. Our Rabbis of the Midrash tell us that God showed Moses Dor dor v’dorshav and also the leaders of each generation, its prophets, its wise men, and so on. This means that he showed him the kohanim of the future who would remain spiritually bnei Aharon. But, also included in this vision, though less known, were each generation and its gazlanim, and its chomsanim. And we wonder: are these too kohanim bnei aharon? And the answer is: no. It is not that the descendants of Aaron will be robbers and thieves, but, the meaning is, that despite their being the preachers and leaders and prophets and wise men of every generation, they will be called robbers and thieves… as though God said to Moses: they still are to Me, despite all the names so unjustly applied to them by others, kohanim bnei Aharon. And so when we find that Russia calls Israel an aggressor, the United States calls her and unjust intruder, and India calls her a thief, we open the Bible and the Midrash, and we find that God tells us that those whom others call, in their generations, both robbers and thieves, remain the “priests, the children of Aaron,” the priests of all nations and the kingdom of holy people.Why is Israel right? Why do they remain the “priests, the children of Aaron?” What is the underlying principle of Israel’s claim to Statehood, its justification…

(1) the herd... הקרב משה לוי in other, unnecessary Israelites, מנגד סביב לאוהל מועד + חז״ל say: בריחוק מול. (2) Racial discrimination? Does יחוס + nativity determine religious worth individual? (3) answer (suggested by שפת אמת) that קרוב ברחוק are functional rather than value. לוי works in קרוב area, others רחוק. But while one closer to G-d than other, G-d equally close to both. (4) Dynamics on each fulfills his own function, whether רחוק or קרוב. Thus, Prophet: שלום שלום לרחוק ולקרובת – word שלום from שלמות, and רחוק before קרוב!

The tractate of the Talmud known as Pirkei Abot (“Ethics of the Fathers”), which we read, chapter by chapter, every Sabbath from Passover to Rosh Hashanah, begins with a famous passage which is the simplest statement of the source and authority of the whole Jewish tradition: משה קבל תורה מסיני ומסרה ליהושע, ויהושע לזקנים, וזקנים לנביאים, ונביאים מסרוה לאנשי כנסת הגדולה. If we read this passage carefully

After offering a detailed list of the high standards of the kehunah, after enumerating the lofty ideals to which the kohen is expected to aspire and which we expect him to attain, our Sidra adds one last verse of instruction which indicates a disappointing lack of confidence in the Kohanim. Consider the "build-up" – and then the anti-climax. Le-nefesh lo yitana b’amav. The priests are to be dedicated to life and refrain from any contact with death. Lo yikrchu karchah be-rosham. They are to emulate none of the pagan rites of priesthood for they are kohanim to the One G-d. The Torah legislates special marriage restrictions upon the kohanim, for they are to be so elevated in their marital life as to be a model worthy of emulation by others. Le-lechem Elokecha hu makriv. They officiate at the solemn services as dignitaries in the Temple of the G-d of Israel. His entire character, his whole career of dedication and devotedness is to be revered -- kadosh yihyeh lakh. What a build-up for a mere mortal!But then, in conclusion, comes a statement which brings the kohen down from his high perch with a stunning suddenness: if the daughter of such a kohen leads an immoral life, becomes a loose woman, she desecrates her father and must be put to death. From the man who has attained holiness -- to fathering a woman of ill-repute! Be dedicated to life, keep away from paganisms, elevate your marriage, minister at the altar, be holy -- and don't raise degenerate children! This verse, as our Sages were wont to say, cries out: interpret me!I suggest that what our Torah meant to teach with this sudden switch is an idea as relevant and important today as it was three thousand years ago. It meant to warn us against inheriting a great tradition and neglecting it; against wasting talent and misusing courage and plundering potentialities; against reaching the summit and letting our foot slip and plunging into the great abyss; against being a Kohen, a descendant of Aaron, and still ending fa…

II – ד' מדות בדנ"א. האומר שלי שלי וכו'. Here is Jewish ______ Private Property. a) Theory of Absolute P.P. – elaborated by Blackstone in "Laws of England" – (see "The Public Philosophy" by W. Lipman for discussion). New rights, or obligations or _____. Result: economic discrimination, exploitation of Natural Resources destructively. (Conservation efforts in U.S. are to combat consequences that philosophy). b) Social Theory P.P. – by Lipman (ibid) – all property belong to "The People" who through gov't, assign it to individuals.